From Beginning to End
Lofty title for a blog post, eh? Well, I’m just lifting it from Chapter 9 of the Ling Shu. A little, well, rather large bird, recently told me to give that chapter a read as I try to understand how to use Jingie as a diagnostic tool.
Now, I am not sure if any of you have read this chapter, let alone understood it, but I have quite a few questions about it that I would like to explore. This is really my first crack at the classics so if I say anything too far off base, I’m just taking a novice stab so forgive and correct me. Also, I am more interested in discussing what I don’t understand rather than what is clear to me. Which leaves me a lot to discuss.
The premise of the Ling Shu seems to be creating a document that will communicate the theory of Chinese medicine for posterity. Chapter 9 appears to be one of the meatiest chapters in the whole book in regard to diagnosis and treatment.
“Respect and serve Heaven’s way. Please discuss, from beginning to end, the regulations of the major channels. One should know by taking the pulse at the Pulse Mouth and the Man’s Receptor, whether yin and yang are in excess or deficient, balanced or not balanced, according to the wholeness of heaven’s way. So it is said that the balanced man is not ill. Not ill means the pulses at the wrist and at Man’s Receptor point are in resonance with the four seasons, that top and bottom are mutually responsive and together with the comings and goings. The six channels pulses are neither blocked nor agitated. The body’s branches are mutually controlled and managed as to cold or heat. The physical form, the flesh, blood and qi must be appropriate. This is what it is to be a balanced man."
– “From Beginning to End”, Ling Shu
According to the notes in my text, Pulse Mouth is the radial artery while Man’s Receptor is the carotid. I was really surprised to see this so clearly laid out and the importance of these pulses highlighted since my acupuncture education didn’t even touch on the relationship. Seems like a bit of an oversight to me.
Now I’d like to get into some of the other passages that are really interesting to me. What I have gotten out of this passage is that when patient is qi xu, moxa actually makes the problem worse.
“When qi is sparse, the wrist pulse and the Man’s Receptor pulse are also sparse…it is necessary to use sweet medicines…moxibustion should not be used. If dispersion is used before recovery, it will result in the imbalance of all five viscera.”
Yikes, I may be a really bad student, but I was under the impression that moxa was good for qi xu. Don’t we moxa ST36 to build qi and moxa the abdomen when there is middle jiao qi xu. Can’t moxa disperse as well as tonify? Is the concept that moxa tonifies a newer idea?
Moving right along, I am wondering if there are subtleties to the pulses in Jingie that can give you more information about a patient. Like the qualities that we look for in the radial pulse in TCM pulse diagnosis. In Chapter 9, it seems like pulse qualities are described. Here’s one example:
“If the Man’s Receptor pulse is twice as full, disease is located in the Leg Minor Yang. If it is twice as full and rough, it is located in the Arm Minor Yang.”
Rough? Really??? I looked up rough in my handy pulse chart that my lovely 1st year theory teacher gave to me and it seems that rough is equivalent to what most of us call a choppy pulse, se mai in Chinese. Here’s where I get a little more confused. In my notes, I have a distinction between choppy and forceful as indicating a deficiency, interior dryness due to injured essence, blood deficiency. Choppy and forceful indicates stagnation of qi and blood, accumulation of phlegm, and food retention. So if the disease is located in the Arm Minor Yang, can you extrapolate that there is a relationship with dryness and deficiency or stagnation as well?
According to this passage, it seems that one can feel qualities in the carotid artery that can give you more information than just the root. Has anyone experienced this to be true?
I was under the impression that with Jingie you simply feel the width of arteries and compare the ratios. Then you determine if the pulse is fast or slow and that’s how you determine the root. The beauty of Jingie is in the simplicity, but could there be a little more too it? Big bird, do you know the answer?
One thing that I took away from reading this chapter is that this “new” style of treating patients with Jin Gie that CAN promotes is quite old, and quite overlooked. I think that too is beautiful. It’s like going out to the garage and finding an old bike that works perfectly well, cleaning it up, pumping up the tires, and putting it back on the road. These types of things, the simple things that are hiding in plain sight, which offer mystery and new possibilities, always intrigue me.
Thanks for reading,
Blythe


Re: From Beginning to End
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Re: From Beginning to End
Blythe,
As for the moxabustion question, there's an important mistake here, the translations I have (Wu, Wu&Wu) and the Chinese text itself talk about this in relation to deficiencies of Yin and Yang, not Qi per se. In this case, the patient is deficient in both Yin and Yang, so the prohibition against moxa makes sense. Basically the same thing as what Skip said, but I think it's important to note that the words used are 'Yin' and 'Yang' not 'Qi' and 'Blood' or whatever. We're talking about basic heat and cold, not just Qi--in other words--the pathology is deeper, this patient is extremely Xu. This brings up the importance of checking multiple translations, especially if you don't read Chinese. What one are you reading from? (There is another passage that mentions moxa, but it talks about extreme excesses/stagnation and indicates that using moxa will merely change the course of the disease--ie not necessarily harm, but not really help either.)
Yes, the Japanese use moxa to tonify and disperse all of the freakin' time. The key is how much moxa and of what type. I have done moxa exactly once since graduating, so I must plead ignorance, but it has to do with thread/rice grain moxa verses big ol' cones. To use an herbal analogy, I think of moxa as like Fu Zi, if you're lacking, it'll tonify, but it's pretty strong, so there's also an element of dispersion, so you have to be a bit more careful with it than say Gui Zhi, which has more of a tonic heat.
The character you're after is 'Zao' 躁. The best translation, I think, is "agitated", which is how Mitchell and Wiseman translate it in their Shang Han Lun. The 'Se' of Choppy fame is 涩. There are some similar elements, but I'll keep it brief, and only talk about Zao.
The left-hand side of the character is a mouth on top of a foot--ie a person. This classically indicated an official envoy, who would move from station to station bringing news (a mouth to tell news (and feed), that travels on foot), the idea is of movement, especially in a sequence. The right hand side shows three mouths on a tree. The idea is a picture of a tree full of birds making noise. The Chinese definitely has connotations of a cacophony--I always imagine a bunch of crows squawking at each other. What we get out of this is a movement that is agitated.
What does THAT mean? Well, the easy part is that it's more Yang, and therefore indicates the Yang half of one of the Six Qi--and the arm is more Yang than the leg, so you use the Arm meridians in these cases. More difficult, sorta, is what Zao is as a pulse quality. The Japanese have settled on the pulse rate--fast is agitated and slow is not. I agree, but would like to add that even if the patient's pulse rate is normal (as long as it isn't markedly slow), if I detect a buzzing/irregularity/Zao quality to it, I'll needle the arm meridians anyway.
As for detecting different qualities on the Ren Ying pulse, classically, doctors where taught several different places to check the quality of the six main meridians (I think Tai Chong LR03 was one of them). Ikeda Masakazu is the only modern author that I can think of who is known to actually use this style regularly.
Ok, enough geeking-out, hope that clears up some things and brings up even more. Such is the burden of digging into the classics!
--Matthew
Re: From Beginning to End
Big Bird here.
A couple of good questions. Here's some answers, while I'm at work. Be sure to bring this up in the wiki class with that Lisa person on Friday:
1) I have no idea why chapter nine isn't discussed/written about/commented on more. Its right there. The number nine is very significant; its a pivital chapter. Go figure.
2) Your translation uses "rough" while others use "busy". Either way its come to be interpreted as "fast" as in if the pulse is faster than 80 beats a minute you focus on the arm channel and vice versa. I'll try to get Matt to break down the character for you.
3) So, yes, you have studied I think how certain organs/meridians tend to go off balance in certain ways, like dryness with the arm yang ming. You are thus guessing rightly.
4) All of the pulse qualities that you've come to be confused about in the wrist pulse also exist in the neck pulse. Whee! So, yeah, Jingei tells you much more than just the root channel, if you want to go there.
5) Your copied this:
[i]“When qi is sparse, the wrist pulse and the Man’s Receptor pulse are also sparse…it is necessary to use sweet medicines…moxibustion should not be used. If dispersion is used before recovery, it will result in the imbalance of all five viscera.” [/i]
I don't have my copy of the Ling Shu right in front of me but I recall that passage is used when talking about treating the Tai Yin channel. If I am right what they are talking about there is that the person is so weak that only the most gentle of treatments can be helpful: moxa, needles, most herbs, etc are just too strong for the person and they might die if you use them.
Re: From Beginning to End
I found a typo, can't edit so here's what I should have said:
Here’s where I get a little more confused. In my notes, I have a distinction between choppy and forceless as indicating a deficiency, interior dryness due to injured essence, blood deficiency. Choppy and forceful indicates stagnation of qi and blood, accumulation of phlegm, and food retention.